Date of Award

Summer 2025

Document Type

Dissertation

Degree Name

Doctor of Education (EdD)

College

College of Education

Department

Department of Education

Primary Advisor

Dr. Jolene Erlacher

Second Advisor

Dr. Randal Eplin

Third Advisor

Dr. Lisa A. Coscia

Abstract

This qualitative study examined the lived experiences of school administrators who lead bilingual programs in private and international schools in Japan. Through in-depth interviews with 11 administrators, the study examined how leaders navigate program design, curriculum choice, and program oversight in response to their community’s needs and stakeholder expectations. This research aimed to contribute to the limited literature on bilingual education within Japan’s unique cultural and educational context. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed using a phenomenological approach to identify four emerging themes: Designing Responsive Bilingual Programs, Instructional Approaches that Support Bilingual Learners, Aligning Expectations and Operational Realities, and Equipping Students through Bilingual Education. Participants described their work as complex and demanding, often requiring flexibility, creativity, and a strong commitment to continuous improvement. Despite facing challenges such as limited resources and staffing, school leaders were united in their vision to design programs that meet the diverse needs of their communities and equip students for success in a globalized world. The findings highlight the crucial role of administrators in designing responsive programs, providing teacher training grounded in bilingual pedagogy, and creating opportunities for students to serve as cultural bridges. Recommendations for future research include exploring the perspectives of teachers, parents, and students, as well as examining the long-term outcomes of graduates from bilingual programs. Findings offer practical insight for school leaders seeking to strengthen bilingual education programs and contribute to broader conversations about language learning and global competency in Japan.

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